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Introduction
The pinnacle of all the mathematical competitions open to school students is
the International Mathematical Olympiad (IMO). The first IMO was held in
Brasov, Romania in July, 1959. Seven countries participated in this olympiad:
Romania, Bulgaria, Hungary, Poland, East Germany, Czechoslovakia and the Soviet
Union. Each country sent a team of 8 contestants, except the Soviet Union which
sent only four. The second IMO was held in the following year again in Romania.
The participating countries were again from Eastern Europe. Since then the
number of participating countries as well as that of contestants have increased
steadily and it has become the most prestigious international mathematical
competition. In recent years, there are more than 80 participating countries
and regions and close to 500 contestants at each IMO........
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